Conglomerate Press Corporation plc has given K3 million to Media Council of Malawi (MCM) for revamping its secretariat. The money will be used for office logistics and equipment including the in-house printing of accreditation cards for journalists.
Presenting the cheque in Blantyre on Wednesday, Press Corporation plc General Counsel Benard Ndau said they decided to respond positively to MCM’s request because as a company, Press Corporation plc believes in media freedom and transparency and the promotion of ethical standards in the media.
“We noted that Media Council has been on and off for some time and when we received this request we thought this is the best time of helping resuscitating the organization which plays a critical role of raising the profile and standards of the journalism profession which is self-regulating,” said Ndau.
He said PCL, which is listed on the Malawi Stock Exchange (MSE) and is also regulated under the Companies Act, gives out information to its shareholders and would want to deal with professional journalists who have been accredited by MCM.
“You will agree with me that there is a lot of fake news out there which has even affected us and some of our subsidiary companies churned by mostly people masquerading as journalists. We believe that if we start dealing with journalists who have been correctly accredited by MCM, we will deal with this proliferation of fake news,” said Ndau.
Ndau also said PCL supports the introduction of the Access to Information (ATI) law saying although the law mainly deals with public organisations, PCL as a public listed company will freely give out relevant information to its shareholders and stakeholders mainly in the spirit of the supreme law of the land, the constitution which provides for access to information.
Receiving the donation, MCM Chairman Wisdom Chimgwede thanked PCL for being the first company to respond positively to their call of resuscitating the activities of MCM.
“We thank Press Corporation for quickly responding to our request. This donation will help to advance media standards in the country because we will be printing accreditation cards on our own thereby saving resources. The country should be assured that only ethical journalists will be practicing ethical journalism because they will be accredited by MCM,” said Chimgwede.
He appealed to media houses and journalists to be accredited by MCM in order to protect the reputation of journalism in the country which he said is being damaged by other people who charade as journalists and churn fake news in the process.
In the spirit of accountability, MCM brought the equipment to the function which included a card printer, office printer, a laptop and a desktop bought by the K3 million donation from Press Corporation plc.
Illovo Sugar Malawi has launched a new consumer promotion dubbed ‘Iponyereni kwakuya ndi Illovo’ which will see winners getting various prizes valued at a whopping K100 million.
Launching the promotion in Blantyre on Friday, Illovo Sugar Malawi plc Managing Director Lekani Katandula said during the promotion, six lucky winners are expected to go away with six brand new Nissan NP200 pick-ups worth K70.5 million.
Katandula said they decided to come up with the promotion as one way of building value for their customers and consumers.
“The year 2020 has been a challenging year for everyone across the world mostly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are well aware of the current, economic difficulties present within all business sectors and this means that we need to be more creative and aggressive in our sales methods and marketing ideas. Tough times are for everyone to get tougher and not use the current climate as a negative block but rather an energizing spring board for new ideas.”
“This is exactly what we have done by relooking at how we build value for our customers and consumers. While most would think that we had reached our peak, I am here today to assure you all that the sky indeed is not the limit,” said Katandula.
The promotion has been categorized in four namely stockists, grocers and table tops, mystery shopper activation and supermarket promotion.
The stockist promotion is open to wholesalers who buy Illovo Tseketseke sugar in bulk and on – sell bale’s to groceries and table tops and to enter the competition participants must purchase 2 tons or more of Illovo Tseketseke sugar from an authorised Illovo Sugar Malawi distributor outlet in their district and deposit their MRA receipt in a box with their name and phone number written at the back.
“Two draws will be held in November and December 2020 respectively and in each draw three cars shall be won in each draw,” said Katandula.
The Grocer and table top promotion category is open to all those who buy Illovo Tseketseke sugar in bales and on -sell in pack units to consumers and participants need to purchase two or more bales of Illovo Tseketseke sugar from participating stockists or any Chipiku, Price worth and Agora chain stores and deposit their MRA receipt into an entry box with their name and phone number written at the back.
Katandula: “Two draws will be held in November and December 2020 respectively and in each draw three cars shall be won in each draw
There will be weekly draws and participants have a chance to win either a bicycle or a 50kg bag of Urea fertilizer. There are 261 bicycles worth K8.9 million and 400 50kg bags of fertilizer worth K6.3 Million to be won over a period of 11 weeks and 22 bicycles and 33 50kg bags of fertiliser will be won each week during draws, according to Katandula.
In the mystery shopper activation category, Illovo Sugar Malawi will be deploying a team of brand ambassadors to travel across the country and visit different trading centres and randomly give prizes to shoppers that have purchased Illovo Tseketseke sugar after showing proof of purchase and instant prizes include T-Shirts, Chitenjes, Caps and Shopping bags worth K6 million for a period of eleven weeks.
In the last category of supermarkets promotion, the sugar making company will be deploying a team of brand ambassadors to be stationed in selected Sana, Chipiku, and Shoprite shops across the country and shoppers will be required to buy 3x1kg of Illovo Tseketseke sugar and stand a chance of winning different prizes through a lucky dip or fortune wheel.
The prizes to be given away in this category include Illovo branded Zitenje, Shopping bags, caps, T-Shirts, worth K14.8 million for a period of 3 weeks, at the end of each month in October, November and December 2020, according to Katandula.
In a Mafioso enthused fashion, B Mollande (Former State House Communications Director) aided defrauding the Malawian taxpayer through a construction company called FISD Limited. Under the Project – “Sustainable Rural Water & Sanitation Infrastructure for Improved Health and Livelihood” financed by the African Development Bank (AfDB), FISD signed 2 contracts (Ntcheu and Phalombe): The one for Ntcheu was signed on 12 December 2017 and was expected to be completed by 11 December 2018.
However, none of them have been completed. In fact, the Client, (the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Development) noting that there was no progress, terminated the Ntcheu Contract on 29th May 2019 citing “serious contractual breaches by the contractor”.
The Contract had been extended by 108 calendar days i.e. up to 25th March 2019. Following termination, Mr. Mwenechanya of FISD fully engaged Mollande to move government machinery and sundry (as he used to) to influence the unjustifiable K1.2 billion Kwacha to FISD Co. Ltd.
The architecture of the fiasco is as follows:
1. Although the Contract allowed amicable resolution, using The Dispute Board (set up by NCIC) as first-tire approach, FISD skipped this stage. They leapt straight and sought arbitration with NCIC for what they termed “flawed termination”; to which NCIC nominated QS Chimangafisi, Eng. Kunsinda and Eng. WTM Chirwa. Out of the 3 NCIC nominees, FISD chose Eng. WTM Chirwa to which the Client, Ministry of Water was indifferent.
2. Upon completion of his assignment, Eng. Chirwa declared that the Ministry action to terminate the contract was within the contractual provisions. He, therefore, ordered FISD Co. Ltd to pay the Ministry of Water K281 mil. This payment excluded a duplicate payment of U$375,731.54 done by AfDB.
3. According to the Contract, the Arbitrator’s ruling is final. Therefore, the Ministry had to move to redeem the award, the advance payment, and the Performance Security (K236 mil) from the guarantor (EcoBank). FISD quickly moved by issuing the Attorney General’s office with a Stay Order from the commercial court that set aside the Arbitral Award.
4. The Commercial Court quickly moved to appoint a new arbitrator (Edgar Kachere) on 27th February 2020 contrary to provisions of the Contract that specified that NCIC ought to have done the nominations for another Arbitrator again.
5. Within one months and 10 days of landing the assignment, Cl. Kachere (the new arbitrator), on 31st March 2020, reversed the award; this time in favour of FISD and to the whooping tune of K1.23 billion (comprising K913 mil, as award and K317 mil as interest from 31st July 2019. Note that, with the help of collaborators in the plot, Cl. Kachere arrived at the ward without visiting the site under contention; neither did he engage the Client (Min of Water). Moreover, it did not take place with the knowledge of NCIC, contrary to the provisions in the Contract. All this was happening during the DPP led Government where Mollande was a King.
6. With all the indebtedness that Government has, within 4 months of the flawed award, on 13th August 2020, the Tonse Alliance Government shockingly effected a part payment of K627 mil to FISD; in spite the MoF knowledge that the incumbent AG has moved to contest the award.
Questionable Setting and Reversal of Award
The Contract stipulates that the Arbitration procedures are UNCITRAL which require the hearing to be done with utmost transparency, and at a pre-determined venue and by an arbitrator duly agreed by all parties. However, predictably:
1. The Ministry of Irrigation and Water Development and NCIC were sidelined in the second arbitration process. Judge Manda appointed the new arbitrator and contacted the whole process singlehandedly.
2. An intern (Mr. Kaliza) at the office of the Attorney General also single-handedly oversaw the whole process on behalf of the AG but without his approval and instruction. No wonder even the former AG was incredibly angry upon receiving full scope of the malfeasance
3. It is evident from the proceedings that it was carried out in a closed-door environment by accomplices to the crime. Ironically, Eng. Chirwa’s ruling was copied and pasted, only this time inverted with inflated figures in favour of FISD.
4. Later the former AG sternly warned Mr. Kaliza for taking on an assignment without approval and permission. It is clear from the records that the AG did not act negligently, rather calculatingly, he was bypassed because, in one of his letters to the Court he says “procedurally, when a counsel in the AGs chambers has received a file, he is supposed to consult the Hon. AG himself for directions and seek instructions of the Client.” Mr. Kaliza did none of them but still proceeded to attend to the application.
5. Records indicate that “he orally addressed the Court where he informed the court he was not opposing the application and that he did not oppose the proposal to have Mr. Kachere appointed as Arbitrator without establishing the misconduct of the former Arbitrator Eng. Chirwa”. Moreover, the rule of arbitration demands that parties themselves must agree. All court directions were made in the absence of Ministry of Water
6. The process of part payment of K627 million also bypassed the office Secretary to Treasury. A lawyer in the MoF hurriedly pushed for the payment despite resistance from the AG’s office. It moved amazingly fast, ostensibly under duress from Mollande and DPP beneficiaries who initiated the scum.
Plans to Perpetuate the Scheme
While the Contract in Ntcheu is in limbo (terminated and contested), the one in Phalombe is at stand-still. With no sign that it will be completed in the near future. This is how FISD played the chess game:
1. In March 2020, using Bright Molande (a trusted friend of Mr. Mwenechanya and beneficially of many Government fraud schemes) to bully the then Chief Secretary, installed Henry Njoloma as Principal Secretary for Water (a DPP cadet and former director at FISD). In this way he would be assured that the Ministry’s support is bolstered, and the fraud is perpetrated. Indeed, Njoloma’s hands are tied such that he cannot even decide on a straightforward case of FISD’s failure to perform in Phalombe. It is clear that the next FISD windfall will be for the Phalombe Project.
2. Just before the change of Government, Mr. Mwenechanya quickly switched allegiance from DPP to Tonse. Using the Tonse Alliance Minister, he has now secured a placement as a Board Member at NCIC. The main objective of him sitting at NCIC Board is to control any future disputes, ostensibly, serving the old guard in the process.
Pertinent Questions
1. After the termination of the Ntcheu contract, Mr. Mwenechanya (without consulting the Client) engaged NCIC to commission an Arbitration process. However, according to the Contract, mediation by an NCIC constituted Dispute Board (DB) would be the first step in dispute resolution. What would have motivated him to skip an especially important contractual procedure and how and who did he convince at NCIC?
2. Albeit the palpable gaffe in skipping amicable resolution, NCIC went ahead to nominate 3 potential arbitrators. Mr Mwenechanya captured the selection process. His preferred arbitrator was Eng. Chirwa because he thought he was weak. Was the Ministry of Water indifferent to his choice all the while?
3. Upon Eng. Chirwa’s determination for FISD to pay Ministry of Water K281 mil, Mr. Mwenechanya sought “a stay order’ the commercial court for it not to be enforced and eventually to be invalidated through Cl. Wapona Kita. Predictably, the application landed on the desk of Judge Manda. History has it that where the 2 have been pair-bonded, the outcomes have been preposterously questionable. At this point there was already a congenial water PS, Njoloma. What was remaining on the jig-saw was signing-up like-minded people; Viz – 1) someone malleable from AG’s office who would represent Water (not the AG himself), 2) a new harmonious lawyer as a new Arbitrator. They identified an intern, Kaliza, from AGs office, Cl. Edgar Kachere as arbitrator (without involving or advising the NCIC or indeed the client, whatsoever). How could they have imagined that this process would be acceptable to the AfDB who are the financiers, even though the Water PS supposedly accepted it?
4. Cl. Kachere neither bothered to visit the contested site, nor did he meet the Ministry of Water. The argument was that the available documents (including those prepared by Eng. Chirwa) had utility to bring a fair conclusion. If one juxtaposes his ruling against the one from Eng. Chirwa, one sees that he just changed semantics i.e. where Eng. Chirwa determined the Contractor was in the wrong, Cl. Kachere determined that it was the Client who was in the wrong. How, did he make a faux-pas determination and the Court accepted it?
5. How did the collaborators get the case heard, judgment passed and part payment of K627 million made by Treasury within a record time of 4 months? Who was the strategic collaborator at treasury since records indicate that the ST is contesting the payment?
6. What happens to the beneficiaries since the funds have been paid and will continue to be paid in spite of no functional water facilities and a closed project?
7. Although the K1.2 billion is not coming from the AfDB (because treasury is paying although unbudgeted for), there is an obligation from the bank to be suspicious about the goings-on. How long will the AfDB remain quiet as their name gets muddled?
8. Meanwhile, Mollande (the chief strategist) remains the biggest beneficiary. For how long will the Tonse Alliance procrastinate on their promise to drain the swamp?
We should not allow this in the new Malawi. Let us all expose this and ensure that perpetrators are brought to book. See attached documents for further details
The centre cannot hold. There is confusion in the opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP)where a mere Executive Member Joseph Mwanamvekha has ordered the firing of Party’s Regional Governor for the Southern Region Charles Mchacha and the entire regional committee.
The out-spoken Mchacha and the entire committee are being accused of supporting Kondwani Nankumwa, who is Party’s Vice President for the south and Leader of Opposition in Parliament. The courts issued an injunction against the firing of Nankhumwa and others after the party fired them, allegedly for indiscipline.
According to sources within Mwanamvekha Camp, Mchacha has been replaced by James Chuma who is a businessperson and close ally of Mwanamvekha and also an executive member for the former governing party.
The old guard, Mwanamvekha who was recently appointed by Mutharika to replace Nankhumwa as VP South also ordered the firing of Yona Mlotha as DPP’s Director for the Youth and his replacement will be made soon thus according to inside sources.
The firing of Mchacha and Mlotha is in sharp contrast of the court injunction restraining the Party from firing some of its members who were duly elected during convention.
The court also restrained the party from making decisions on behalf of the party an order which he has openly been defied.
DPP is synonymous with disrespecting court orders even when it was a ruling party. Contempt of court proceedings are likely to follow and insiders in the Judiciary said it is high time some politicians are jailed for disrespecting court orders to serve as a warning to the citizens on the need to obey court orders.
Buitelaar listens to a question during the presentation
TNM Chief Executive Officer Michiel Buitelaar has challenged banks that they may have to do away with brick and mortar to serve their customers in future because of digital transformation.
Presenting a paper on ‘Digital Transformation in consumer industries’ at the 5th Bankers Conference 2020 on Thursday in Blantyre, Buitelaar gave an example of a bank called Knab in his home country Netherlands which has no branches and buildings but offers superb services to its customers through digital means.
“Software is eating the world in all sorts. I used to work for an old-style financial institution in my home country. It created a new bank called Knab, it has no branches or buildings but it gives excellent service to its customers. With the digital transformation, this can also happen here in Malawi, I am not saying it will happen now but there will be a time that this will happen,” said Buitelaar.
He also gave another example of an all-digital insurance company called Lemonade that is making great strides in the United States of America.
Buitelaar also said service companies will be able to offer personalized offers to customers through digital means and appealed to Malawian service providers to embrace this.
Buitelaar said some cynics may say that Malawi cannot achieve digital transformation because of low broadband penetration, low Internet penetration, low electricity penetration, low income and low digital literacy.
“But Malawians are not so different, they are embracing the internet. There are opportunities for Malawi in that there is limited legacy and these are early days with a young population that possess vast skills which may have big impact on sectors of the economy,” said Buitelaar.
Opening the conference, Guest of Honour who is also Reserve Bank of Malawi (RBM) Governor Dr Wilson Banda bemoaned the effects of Covid-19 pandemic and thanked banks for standing with RBM to provide relief to customers and businesses during the difficult time.
“The banking sector is pivotal in driving economic recovery and securing future stability by providing finance. However, is our service delivery amidst these conditions supportive to this role, more especially to the segment driving the economy-The SMEs? What about the common man at the bottom. Can we do it any differently?”
“These and many more questions ought not be avoided, but addressed to inform the future of the banking and the economy of Malawi. Covid-19 has redefined the environment, leaving limited room for conventional business models. Therefore, the path we take, shall inform the growth trajectory and adaptability of our economy to future shocks which are certain to come; and that future is now,” said Banda.
More than a million dollars may have been stolen by cyber criminals who attacked Uganda’s mobile digital payment system over the weekend, although that has not been confirmed by the telecom companies or banks.
Stanbic Bank and the mobile operators MTN and Airtel have admitted there was an “incident.”
More than 20 million people using mobile payment platforms have been affected since Saturday.
Telecom giant MTN has described the hacking – which targeted the company that moves the money Pegasus Technologies – as “unprecedented” because of the scale and magnitude of the crime.
The mobile digital payment system could be out of commission for a month as investigations continue.
Internet use has also been disrupted because owners of mobile devices use money transfers to pay for data.
Mobile transactions are worth more than $7bn (£5.4bn) a year in Uganda.
Malawi national football team on Wednesday lost 0-1 to Zambia’s Chipolopolo during an international friendly at National Heroes Stadium in Lusaka, Zambia. Thevhost had a bright start as Collins Sikombe opened the soring in the 14th minute with a strike from close range after latching onto a long pass beating Felix Munthali in goals. Chipolopolo were very organised at the back after going ahead and did not allow Malawi to carve out any meaningful openings in the opening 45 minutes. The Flames looked rusty and their pattern of play was not enterprising. It was only in the 54thminute when it displayed some flash of hopeful football when Gabadinho Mhango, who was the joint Premier Soccer League golden boot winner, s firsttime shot from the edge of the box sailed slightly over the crossbar after some neat passes with USA- based midfielder Yamikani Chester and Mozambique-based John Banda.
Chawanangwa Kaonga also had a wonderful opportunity to equalise for Malawi on just after the hour mark but he was denied the frame of the goal. Mhango thought he had finally found the leveller for the Flames with 17 minutes remaining after chipping a shot over goalkeeper Jackson Kakutha but defender Dominic Chanda recovered and made the goal-line clearance. Malawi’s threat diminished after they took out Mhango for Hassan Kajoke in the last ten minutes as Chipolopolo held on to hand Sredojevic his first win in charge.
Malawi’s threat diminished after they took out Mhango for Hassan Kajoke in the last ten minutes as Chipolopolo held on to hand Sredojevic his first win in charge. During the game, Malawi coach Meke Mwase made several substitutions to give other players on bench game time.
Malawi’s First XI: Munthali, Sanudi, Petro, Chembezi, Sambani , CJ Banda, Kaira, Phiri Jnr, Chester, Mhango, Mbulu SUBS: Ernest Kakhobwe, Nickson Nyasulu, Peter Cholopi, Chikoti Chirwa, Micium Mhone, Chawanangwa Kaonga, Schumacher Kuwali, Hassan Kajoke, Chimwemwe Idana, William Thole. Zambia first XI: Sebastian Mwange (GK) 1, Kondwani Chiboni 4, Zacharia Chilongoshi 23, Luka Banda 5, Benson Sakala(C) 6, Kelvin Kapumbu 15, Leonard Mulenga 8, Chaniza Zulu 22, Collins Sikombe 14, Kelvin Kampamba 7, Emmanuel Chabula 17.
Malawian hip hop artist born Limbani Kalilani better known by his stage name Tay Grin has been nominated by the London Political Summit and Awards as “Ambassador 2020”.
ay Grin, who is also known as ‘Nyau King’ will represent Malawi and Southern Africa at large.
London Political Summit global ambassador, Dr Josephine Ojiambo said the award is in recognition of Tay Grin’s contribution to the causes of youth emancipation for social change, for the enhancement of democratic leadership and to the role of music and culture in social transformation in Malawi.
Tay Grin has accepted the position saying he is committed to continue championing the cause and space for the youths in politics, arts and business in Malawi and Africa.
Government is challenging ‘contempt of court’ charges filed by former Principal Secretary Christopher Makileni against Attorney General (AG) Chikosa Silungwe, Secretary to the President and Cabinet Zangazanga Chikhosi and Deputy Secretary to the President and Cabinet Janet Banda over a K754 million payout.
Makileni filed for ‘contempt of court’ against the officers, saying they are not paying the consent order which government and Makileni agreed on.
Lawyer Thabo Nyirenda confirmed representing the three public officers but refused to give further details, saying he does not speak for the government.
In his affidavit in support of the preliminary objections against ‘contempt of court’ proceedings and in support of the application to set aside the ‘contempt of court’ proceedings, Nyirenda said the proceedings have been commenced irregularly.
“The applicant was legally required to personally serve the order subject of the contempt proceedings on the alleged contemnors. The contempt proceedings herein have therefore been irregularly commenced and the contempt proceedings against the Attorney General, Mr Zangazanga Chikhosi and Dr Janet Banda are incompetent.
“Further, the applicant has not obtained any leave to commence contempt of court proceedings. As such, there are no valid contempt of court proceedings before this Honourable Court,” reads the affidavit in part.
In the consent order, Makileni and the government agreed that the former might have lost the money after being unfairly dismissed by the Democratic Progressive Party’s administration after he was accused of being a People’s Party sympathiser.
Makileni was awarded K216 million in pension, K205 million for loss of motor vehicle use, K269 million for salary before tax and K63 million for fuel as his benefits.
His lawyer Paul Maulidi insisted he did not apply for contempt of court as such but that he only asked the court to summon the three public officers to explain why they are not paying his client when there is a valid consent order.
He said after the application, he has been in touch with the AG to try and resolve the issue.
“There is a consent order which was duly signed by us and the government. They are not paying and all we are saying is that they should explain why. I talked to the AG so that we possibly review the consent order. But the review is not about the amount being too big,” Maulidi said.
Chancellor College Dean of Law Sunduzwayo Madise said the problem is that the two parties agreed in private and only brought what they had agreed to the court for endorsement.
“It would have been different if it was something argued in a court of law and then a judgment was made. We would have known arguments from both sides in that case and it would have been easy to comment on it,” Madise said.
There has been an outcry from various stakeholders including social media enthusiasts who are suspecting that there was conspiracy to defraud the government apparently because the awarded amount is too big.
Banda was recently quoted as saying that government had asked the AG to withdraw the settlement because it was allegedly signed in a hurry and without the authority of the new Secretary to the President and Cabinet in August even though he was in office.
United Kingdom (UK) has committed an extra £10.8m (about K11 billion) to support Malawi in tackling serious and organised corruption.
Since 2016, the UK has been supporting Malawi through the Tackling Serious and Organised Corruption (TSOC) Programme to strengthen the anti-corruption environment and increase penalties for serious and organised corruption. The extra funding will see this programme being extended up to 2024, supporting law enforcement efforts in asset recovery and addressing high-level crime. Duddridge said: “To alleviate poverty, we must tackle corruption. The UK is committed to helping Malawi do so, building robust institutions to tackle serious and organised crime.
Chakwera meets UK Minister
funding the UK can support this administration’s vision of fighting corruption by addressing technical and political barriers to reducing corruption in Malawi, and building stronger public financial management systems that help prevent corruption occurring in the first place.” The TSOC programme will reduce the opportunity for corrupt activity by strengthening the systems regulating how money and services move through the economy; and increase the risks of engaging in corruption, by publicly exposing corrupt individuals and corporations, seizing assets, and improving strategic casework and conviction rates. The UK has been supporting the Malawian authorities to investigate high-level corruption since the Cashgate scandal of 2013. Some of the notable achievements include: The conviction of 17 individuals (14 having been sentenced to a total of 79 years in prison) and MK782 million retrieved in assets linked to a major corruption scandal called Cashgate with the help of UK technical assistance and forensic audit support. A further MK16.5 billion has been identified in ‘sums at risk’ for forfeiture pending scrutiny by the courts. Malawi’s legal system has been strengthened through the introduction of plea bargaining and digital data analysis – with UK support – for the first time in select cases. Enhanced digital forensic capability of the Anti-Corruption Bureau through a new digital data forensic suite. Improved international law enforcement cooperation with mutual legal assistance provided by the UK’s National Crime Agency (NCA) and South Africa’s Public Asset Forfeiture Unit. Strengthened civil society advocacy working in a flexible and adaptive way to explore the deterrent effectiveness of innovative approaches to tackling corruption In 2019, Transparency International rated Malawi 123/180 on its Corruption Perception Index. 72% of Malawians think corruption got worse in the last year according to the 2017 Afrobarometer data and only 64% of Malawians think ordinary people can make a difference in the fight against corruption– down from 84% when last asked in 2013. Global Financial Integrity estimate that £400m (USD585m) leaves Malawi illegally every year – twice the country’s annual health budget.
